电推进技术的研究应用现状及其发展趋势

简述了电推进的工作原理、基本分类以及各形式电推进(电热式、电磁式和静电式)的主要特点；重点论述了世界各国电推进技术的研制和应用现状，以及电推进技术的发展趋势和应用前景；最后简述了我国电推进技术的研究现状，并提出了加快我国电推进技术发展的建议。     

锂离子电池用正极材料LiNi_(1-x)Co_xO_2的研究

采用高温固相法分别在空气和氧气气氛下合成锂离子电池正极材料LiNi1-xCoxO2 (x =1 ,0 .8,0 .5,0 .2 ,0 ) ,用X射线衍射 (XRD)测定晶格结构和晶胞参数 ,并用CR2 0 2 5扣式电池及 1 8650型电池对材料充放电性能进行测试。试验结果表明 ,随着LiNi1-xCoxO2 中钴含量增加 ,晶胞参数a和c值依次减小 ,晶胞体积收缩。同时烧结气氛对材料结构和电化学性能影响极大 ,氧气气氛有助于LiNi1-xCoxO2 (x >0 )的生成     

The KACST muon detector and its application to cosmic-ray variations studies

A single channel cosmic ray muon detector was constructed and installed in Riyadh, central Saudi Arabia, for studying the variations in the cosmic ray (CR) muon flux. The detector has been in operation since July 2002. The recorded data correspond to muons that primarily have energies between 10 and 20 GeV. The detector will be used to continuously measure the intensity of the muon components of the cosmic rays, exploring its variations and possible correlations with environment parameters. The technical aspects of this detector will be presented. Some results obtained by the detector so far will be given. These include the modulation of the CR flux on different time scales (diurnal, 27-day, and long-term variations). Additionally, the effect of a severe dust storm on the muon count rate was investigated.     

Response of a pentagonal PZT element as a component of a 4π-real-time detector

The detector characteristics of a pentagonal element were studied by colliding it with hypervelocity micro-particles. A charge-sensitive amplifier was developed for the element of its capacitance ∼10 nF. The output amplitudes were expressed as a linear function of the momentum at collision. Empirical formulas obtained from on-ground experiments could be used for the calibration of the detector. The pentagonal element was potential to measure the momentum during collision from the output amplitude. A set of electrodes on the surface was used to confirm the measurement of the coordinates at collision. A possible application of this pentagonal element on a real-time dust detector was discussed.     

基于Cubesat平台的874 GHz冰云探测仪设计

冰云探测对气候预测有重要价值,但因冰云粒子的影响,传统气象观测方法很难有效观测气候。太赫兹波的信号带宽较宽、波束较窄,在冰云探测上比使用微波毫米波更具优势。太赫兹冰云探测仪作为被动接收设备,具有体积小、功耗小的特点,与成本低、研发周期短、可以实现组网观测的Cubesat卫星平台有较高的契合度。以冰云探测为背景,分析太赫兹冰云探测仪系统指标,设计874GHz接收机系统的链路。在确保接收机系统性能的同时注重简化链路,减少体积功耗,以适应Cubesat平台,并结合工程经验在链路设计时采取预留增益余量、加入隔离器增强匹配等措施保证工程上的可实现性。最后对接收机链路进行ADS仿真,仿真结果能够满足冰云探测仪对接收机指标的需求。     

The Transition Between Fast and Slow Solar Wind from Composition Data

The transition between coronal hole associated fast solar wind and slow solar wind is studied using data from the high resolution mass spectrometer SWICS on ACE. We discuss the data in the framework of a recent theory about the global heliospheric magnetic field and conclude that the data are consistent with magnetic connections between field-lines in the fast and in the slow wind. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

防溅射靶对离子推力器背溅射沉积污染的影响

针对目前对真空舱背溅射沉积污染的计算模型误差较大的问题,对地面实验中离子推力器的背溅射沉积污染效应开展了研究,提出了更精确的计算模型。由于Reynolds的模型对束流密度在轴向上误差较大,采用改进型的离子束流模型对偏离推力器80 cm位置的真空舱背溅射沉积率做了计算,并与实验结果对比校验,结果吻合较好。用校验过的模型对光舱环境和防溅射靶环境的背溅射沉积效应开展研究,研究结果显示:光舱工况的返流沉积率为2.36×10-10 g/(cm2·s),安装防溅射分子屏的工况在推力器上的背溅射沉积率为2.51×10-11 g/(cm2·s),结果表明添加防溅射分子屏后背溅射沉积污染量可以降低近1个量级。      

微波对超声速燃烧火焰结构的影响

超声速中等离子辅助燃烧是一种具有潜力的助燃方式。通过将低功率微波馈入超燃冲压发动机燃烧室的方式，研究了微波对火焰结构的影响。实验来流马赫数为2.5，常温乙烯燃料从壁面横向射流，以单级凹腔作为火焰稳定器，分别加入500 W和700 W连续2.45 GHz的微波，利用高速相机拍摄火焰CH^*发光图像。研究表明微波的加入使超声速火焰稳定结构发生改变，火焰的起始和稳定位置从凹腔剪切层向射流出口转移，表明微波对火焰传播速度或者燃烧反应速率有增强作用。同时利用火焰边界提取和分形几何的方法，发现微波能够增大火焰边界分形维度，分析认为火焰传播速度由于微波的加入而增加，证明小功率的微波对超声速燃烧有促进作用。     

有机阻燃剂对UPR包覆材料耐烧蚀性能的影响及分析

选取有机磷系阻燃剂A、氮系阻燃剂B和三聚氰胺C、卤系阻燃荆十溴联苯醚D,利用田口方法的望小特征系统研究了有机阻燃剂对UPR包覆材料耐烧蚀性能的影响,得到最佳配比为A:B:C:D=8:24:24:24,其中阻燃剂D对UPR线烧蚀率的影响最为显著.通过对烧蚀成炭层进行形貌分析,探讨了有机阻燃剂改性UPR包覆层的耐烧蚀特征;并结合阻燃剂/UPR复合材料的TG-DTG分析,探索了不同阻燃荆对改性UPR包覆材料耐烧蚀性能的作用机理.结果表明,磷系阻燃剂能促进UPR材料成炭,氮系阻燃剂通过气化作用保护UPR基体,卤系阻燃剂具有一定的气相阻燃和固相促进成炭作用.